Pofufuza nsalu zabwino kwambiri zosefera fumbi, zida ziwiri zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yapadera: PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ndi mawonekedwe ake owonjezera, ePTFE (Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene). Zida zopangira izi, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera amankhwala komanso thupi, zafotokozeranso kusefera kwafumbi m'malo ovuta, kumapereka zabwino zomwe zimawasiyanitsa ndi nsalu zachikhalidwe monga thonje, poliyesitala, kapena zida wamba za HEPA.
PTFE, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa dzina la Teflon, ndi fluoropolymer yomwe imakondwerera chifukwa chosagwira ndodo, kukana mankhwala, komanso kulekerera kutentha kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe ake aiwisi, PTFE ndi yowundana, yolimba, koma ikapangidwa mu nsalu zosefera, imapanga malo osalala, osasunthika kwambiri omwe amachotsa fumbi, zakumwa, ndi zowononga. Ubwino wosamata uwu ndi wofunikira pakusefera fumbi: mosiyana ndi nsalu za porous zomwe zimatchera tinthu ting'onoting'ono mkati mwa ulusi wake (zomwe zimapangitsa kutsekeka),Zosefera za PTFElolani fumbi kuti liwunjike pamwamba, kupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyeretsa kapena kugwedezeka. "Kukweza pamwamba"ku kumapangitsa kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino pakapita nthawi, mwayi wofunikira pamapangidwe afumbi lambiri monga malo omanga kapena mafakitale opanga.
ePTFE, yopangidwa ndi kutambasula PTFE kuti ipange mawonekedwe a porous, imatengera kusefera ku mlingo wotsatira. Kukula ndondomeko amapanga zopezera microscopically ang'onoang'ono pores (nthawi zambiri pakati 0.1 ndi 10 microns) pamene kukhalabe PTFE a chibadidwe katundu. Mabowowa amakhala ngati sieve yeniyeni: amatsekereza tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono, kuphatikiza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono (PM2.5) komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, pomwe amalola kuti mpweya udutse popanda cholepheretsa. EPTFE's porosity ndi yosinthika mwamakonda, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuyambira zotsuka mpweya m'nyumba (sefa pet dander ndi mungu) kupita kuzipinda zoyeretsa mafakitale (kujambula zinthu zopangidwa ndi ultrafine).
Chimodzi mwazabwino zodziwika bwino za PTFE ndi ePTFE ndikukhalitsa kwawo komanso kukana zinthu zovuta. Mosiyana ndi thonje kapena poliyesitala, yomwe imatha kuwonongeka ikakhudzidwa ndi mankhwala, chinyezi, kapena kutentha kwambiri, PTFE ndi ePTFE zimakhala zopanda zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo asidi ndi zosungunulira. Amatha kupirira kutentha kwapakati pa -200 ° C mpaka 260 ° C (-328 ° F mpaka 500 ° F), kuwapanga kukhala abwino kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'ng'anjo, makina otulutsa mpweya, kapena malo akunja kumene zosefera zimakhala ndi nyengo yoopsa. Kulimba mtima kumeneku kumatanthawuza ku moyo wautali-Zosefera za PTFE ndi ePTFE zimatha miyezi kapena zaka ndikusamalira moyenera, kupitilira njira zina zotayidwa monga mapepala kapena zosefera zoyambira.
Ubwino wina ndi zofunika zawo zochepa zosamalira. Chifukwa PTFE a sanali ndodo pamwamba, fumbi particles musati kutsatira kwambiri fyuluta zakuthupi. Nthawi zambiri, kungogwedeza fyuluta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa ndikokwanira kuchotsa fumbi lomwe lasonkhana, kubwezeretsanso mphamvu zake. Kubwezeretsanso kumeneku sikungochepetsa zinyalala komanso kumachepetsanso ndalama zanthawi yayitali poyerekeza ndi zosefera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi. Mwachitsanzo, m'mafakitale otsuka vacuum, zosefera za ePTFE zimatha kutsukidwa kangapo musanafune kusinthidwa, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Poyerekeza ndi zosefera za HEPA - zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi muyezo wagolide wazosefera zabwino za tinthu - ePTFE imakhala yakeyake. Ngakhale zosefera za HEPA zimagwira 99.97% ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 0.3-micron, zosefera zapamwamba za ePTFE zimatha kukwaniritsa magawo ofanana kapena apamwamba kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, mpweya wabwino wa ePTFE (chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake opangidwa ndi pore) umachepetsa kupsinjika kwa machitidwe a fan, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito kwambiri kuposa HEPA m'zinthu zambiri.
Pomaliza, PTFE ndi ePTFE zimawoneka ngati nsalu zapadera zosefera fumbi. Kuphatikiza kwawo kwapadera kwa kukana kwa mankhwala, kulolerana kwa kutentha, porosity makonda, ndi kusinthikanso kumawapangitsa kukhala osinthika mokwanira kuti agwiritse ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku komanso mafakitale. Kaya mu mawonekedwe a PTFE osakhala ndodo pamwamba pa kusonkhanitsa fumbi lolemera kwambiri kapena kukulitsa ePTFE nembanemba ya ultra-fine particle kusefera, zipangizozi zimapereka njira yodalirika, yokhalitsa yosungira mpweya wopanda fumbi ndi zonyansa. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna zosefera zomwe zimayendera bwino, kulimba, komanso kutsika mtengo, PTFE ndi ePTFE mosakayikira ndi zina mwa zisankho zabwino zomwe zilipo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2025