Pankhani yochotsa fumbi la mafakitale, "fumbi la thumba" si mankhwala enieni, koma ndi mawu wamba a tinthu tonse tolimba tomwe timagwidwa ndi thumba la fumbi lomwe lili m'thumba. Mpweya wodzaza ndi fumbi ukadutsa mu thumba la fyuluta lozungulira lopangidwa ndi polyester, PPS, ulusi wagalasi kapena ulusi wa aramid pa liwiro la mphepo yosefera la 0.5–2.0 m/min, fumbi limasungidwa pamwamba pa khoma la thumba ndi m'mabowo amkati chifukwa cha njira zingapo monga kugwedezeka kwa inertial, kuwunikira, ndi kulowetsedwa kwa electrostatic. Pakapita nthawi, fumbi la fyuluta la thumba lokhala ndi "keke ya ufa" limapangidwa.
Katundu wafumbi la fyuluta ya thumbaZopangidwa ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana zimasiyana kwambiri: phulusa lochokera ku ma boiler opangidwa ndi malasha ndi imvi komanso lozungulira, ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 1–50 µm, tokhala ndi SiO₂ ndi Al₂O₃; fumbi la simenti mu uvuni ndi la alkaline ndipo limayamwa mosavuta chinyezi ndi ma agglomerate; ufa wa iron oxide mumakampani opanga zitsulo ndi wolimba komanso wozungulira; ndipo fumbi lomwe limagwidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa mankhwala ndi chakudya likhoza kukhala mankhwala kapena tinthu ta starch. Kukana, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, ndi kuyaka kwa fumbi ili kudzasankha matumba osinthira - odana ndi static, ophimba, osagwirizana ndi mafuta komanso osalowa madzi kapena oteteza kutentha kwambiri, zonse zomwe zimapangitsa Thumba la Fumbi Losefera "kulandira" fumbi ili bwino komanso mosamala.
Cholinga cha Thumba Losefera Fumbi: osati "kusefera" kokha
Kutsatira malamulo okhudza mpweya woipa: Mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi alemba malire a PM10, PM2.5 kapena fumbi lonse m'malamulo. Chikwama chosefera fumbi chopangidwa bwino chingachepetse fumbi lolowera pakati pa 10–50 g/Nm³ kufika pa ≤10 mg/Nm³, kuonetsetsa kuti chimney sichitulutsa "zinjoka zachikasu".
Tetezani zida zotsika pansi pa madzi: Kukhazikitsa zosefera matumba musanagwiritse ntchito makina oyendera mpweya, ma turbine a gasi kapena makina oyeretsera madzi a SCR kungapewe kuwononga fumbi, kutsekeka kwa zigawo zoyendetsera magetsi, ndikuwonjezera moyo wa zida zodula.
Kubwezeretsa zinthu: Mu njira monga kusungunula zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ufa wopukuta nthaka wosowa, ndi zinthu za lithiamu batire positive electrode, fumbi losefera thumba lokha ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali. Fumbi limachotsedwa pamwamba pa thumba losefera pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera kwa pulse kapena kugwedezeka kwa makina, ndikubwerera ku njira yopangira kudzera mu ash hopper ndi screw conveyor, ndikuzindikira "fumbi kupita ku fumbi, golide kupita ku golide".
Kusunga thanzi la ntchito: Ngati kuchuluka kwa fumbi m'malo ogwirira ntchito kupitirira 1-3 mg/m³, antchito adzadwala matenda a pneumoconiosis ngati atawonekera kwa nthawi yayitali. Thumba la Fumbi Losefera limatseka fumbi lomwe lili mu chitoliro chotsekedwa ndi chipinda cha thumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti antchito asawonekere ngati "chishango cha fumbi".
Kusunga mphamvu ndi kukonza bwino njira: Pamwamba pa matumba amakono osefera pali nembanemba ya PTFE, yomwe imatha kusunga mpweya wokwanira pamlingo wochepa wa kupanikizika (800-1200 Pa), ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito fan imachepetsedwa ndi 10%-30%; nthawi yomweyo, chizindikiro chokhazikika cha kupsinjika chikhoza kulumikizidwa ndi fan yosinthasintha pafupipafupi ndi makina anzeru oyeretsera fumbi kuti "kuchotsa fumbi pakafunika".
Kuchokera ku "phulusa" kupita ku "chuma": tsogolo la fumbi la fyuluta ya thumba
Kugwira ndi gawo loyamba lokha, ndipo chithandizo chotsatira chimatsimikizira tsogolo lake lomaliza. Makampani opanga simenti amasakaniza fumbi la uvuni kukhala zinthu zopangira; mafakitale opanga magetsi amagulitsa phulusa la ntchentche ku mafakitale osakanizira konkire ngati zinthu zosakaniza mchere; mafakitale osungunula zitsulo osowa amatumiza fumbi lokhala ndi indium ndi germanium m'matumba ku malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi a hydrometallurgical. Tinganene kuti Thumba la Fumbi si chotchinga cha ulusi wokha, komanso "chosankhira zinthu".
Fumbi la fyuluta ya matumba ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timachotsedwa mu ntchito zamafakitale, ndipo Fumbi la Fyuluta ndi "woyang'anira chipata" amene amawapatsa moyo wachiwiri. Kudzera mu kapangidwe ka ulusi wabwino kwambiri, uinjiniya wa pamwamba ndi kuyeretsa mwanzeru, thumba la fyuluta silimangoteteza thambo labuluu ndi mitambo yoyera, komanso limateteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito ndi phindu la makampani. Fumbi likamaundana kukhala phulusa kunja kwa khoma la thumba ndikudzutsidwanso ngati chuma mu phulusa, timamvetsetsa bwino tanthauzo lonse la Fumbi la Fyuluta: si chinthu chongosefera, komanso poyambira chuma chozungulira.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-14-2025